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Toxicity and genotoxicity of the fungicide triphenyltin hydroxide
Cesar Koppe GrisoliaI; Mércia E. Bicalho-ValadaresII
IDepartamento de Genética e Morfologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (IB), Universidade de Brasília (UnB), 70910-900 Brasília, DF, Brasil. Send correspondence to C.K.G.
IIDepartamento de Ecologia, IB, UnB, Brasilia, DF, Brasil (Retired).
ABSTRACT
A study was made on the effect of triphenyltin hydroxide (TPTH) on the reproductive success of the snail Biomphalaria tenagophila and its genotoxicity in rat bone marrow cells in vivo and in human lymphocytes in vitro. TPTH significantly decreased the production of eggs per egg mass, the number of egg masses per snail and the percentage of viable embryos per egg mass in B. tenagophila. The frequency of inviable embryos per egg mass, however, was not affected. TPTH was also assessed through an in vivo clastogenicity test in rat bone marrow cells and, at higher dosages of TPTH (150 and 225 mg/kg). There was a significant induction of chromosomal aberrations. Due to its insolubility in water and in dimethyl sulfoxide, in vitro tests in human-lymphocytes were conducted with plasma of rats treated with TPTH to determine clastogenic effects of possible TPTH metabolites. There were no such effects.
Keywords: Toxicity; genotoxicity; fungicide.
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