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Cytogenetic effects of mitoxantrone on bone marrow cells of rodents

Andréa de Oliveira Cecchi^I,II; Bianca Borsatto^II; Catarina S. Takahashi^I,II

^IDepartamento de Genética, Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14049-900 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil
^IIDepartamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brasil. Send correspondence to C.S.T.

ABSTRACT

Mitoxantrone (MTX) is a synthetic compound of the anthracycline class of antibiotics, with antineoplastic properties. MTX interacts with DNA by intercalating into its molecule or by electrostatic interaction. In view of its reduced cardiotoxic effects compared to other anthracyclines, MTX has been used for the treatment of cancer. When tested in vitro on human lymphocytes, MTX was found to be clastogenic. In the present study the clastogenic potential of MTX was evaluated in vivo, using Wistar rat and BALB/c mouse bone marrow cells. The animals were injected intraperitoneally with different MTX concentrations. MTX induced a significant increase in the total number of chromosome aberrations in all treatment groups. Only fractionated dose treatments showed significant cytotoxicity to bone marrow cells.

Keywords: cytogenetic effects; mitoxantrone; bone marrow cells; rodents.

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