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Diallel cross among inbred lines of maize differing in aluminum tolerance

Marlene Lima^I; José B. de Miranda Filho^II; Pedro R. Furlani^I

^IInstituto Agronômico de Campinas, Caixa Postal 28, 13001 Campinas, SP, Brasil
^IIDepartamento de Genética, Caixa Postal 83, 13400-970 Piracicaba, SP, Brasil. Send correspondence to J.B.M.F.

ABSTRACT

Diallel crosses among eight maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines were evaluated under laboratory conditions for aluminum (Al) tolerance. Al tolerance was estimated by radicle length of plants grown in nutrient solution with 4.5 mg Al/liter. The diallel crosses were also evaluated for yield, plant height, and ear height under field conditions. Both laboratory and field evaluations were conducted in a randomized complete block design with three replications. The eight inbred lines included five Al-tolerant and three Al-sensitive lines.
The treatment effects in the diallel analysis were partitioned into general (GCA) and specific combining ability (SCA). In the analysis of variance, both GCA and SCA were statistically significant, although the GCA mean squares were greater in magnitude than SCA for all traits except yield, suggesting greater expression of additive genetic affects in the crosses. For grain yield, the SCA mean square was larger than the GCA mean square. For radicle length (RL) the diallel analysis was also partitioned to test for line and heterosis effects. Significant effects were detected for all sources, but the greater mean squares were for the effects of lines per se and for average heterosis. The high heterosis for RL was probably due to nonallelic interactions caused by deleterious genes with large effects, rather than to allelic interaction (dominance).

Keywords: diallel cross; inbred lines; aluminum tolerance.

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