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Genotype x environment interaction and indirect selection of rice in irrigated and nonirrigated flood plain areas^*

Plinio César Soares^I; Carlos Sigueyuki Sediyama^II; Cosme Damião Cruz^III; José Carlos Silva^III

^IEPAMIG-Viçosa, Caixa Postal 216, 36571-000 Viçosa, MG, Brasil
^IIDepartamento de Fitotecnia, UFV, 36571-000 Viçosa, MG, Brasil
^IIIDepartamento de Biologia Geral, UFV, 36571-000 Viçosa, MG, Brasil

ABSTRACT

Two rice (Oryza sativa L.) cross progenies were raised independently from the F₂ to the F₄ generation in both irrigated and nonirrigated wet flood plain areas (wetlands). In the F₄ generation, lines from each cross and each environment were selected and in the F₆ generation they were tested for yield in both environments for two successive years (1988/89 and 1989/90). Each trial included 15 or 16 lines from each cross and each environment and two check varieties (Inca and MG 1) evaluated in an 8 x 8 triple lattice design. The objectives of this study were to determine the importance of genotype x environment interaction and the possibility of performing indirect selection in just one environment to obtain a cultivar suited to both environments. The data suggests: 1) irrigation gives a more uniform environment and favors the selection of higher yielding rice cultivars, because it allows greater expression of genetic potential and provokes greater genetic variance for yield; 2) the absence of genotype x environmental interactions permits the cultivation of the same cultivar in both irrigated and nonirrigated flood plain areas; and 3) in breeding programs of rice for flood plain areas, it is possible to continue the segregating populations in the irrigated system up to the F₄ generation, select the superior cultivars, and make the final evaluations of these cultivars in both environments.

Keywords: genotype; rice; irrigated; nonirrigated; flood plain areas.

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* Part of a thesis presented by P.C.S. to the Universidade Federal de Viçosa (UFV), in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Doctoral degree. Send correspondence to C.S.S.