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Isozymes as markers of the effect of growth regulator combinations on callus tissues from long-term cultures of Cereus peruvianus (Cactaceae)

Alberto José Prioli; Claudete Aparecida Mangolin; Sandra Aparecida de Oliveira; Maria de Fátima P.S. Machado

Departamento de Biologia Celular e Genética, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, 87020-900 Maringá, PR, Brasil. Send correspondence to M.F.P.S.M.

ABSTRACT

The maximum number of alcohol dehydrogenase, malate dehydrogenase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase, peroxidase and esterase isozymes induced in the callus tissues from long-term cultures using three 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and N-(2-furanylmethyl)-1H-purin-6 amine (kinetin) combinations, was used as a criterion to evaluate the effect of growth regulators on callus tissue cultures of the cactus Cereusperuvianus. A total of 23 isozymes were induced in culture. Call showing the largest number of induced isozymes were more abundant in the presence of higher auxin levels (2,4-D 4.0 mg/1 x kinetin 4.0 mg/1). However among the six enzyme systems studied, only the number of alcohol dehydrogenase isozymes was correlated to 2,4-D and kinetin combinations. The number of isozymes induced by the different auxin-cytokinin proportions (2,4-D 4.0 mg/1 x kinetin 4.0 mg/l, 6.0 mg/1 or 8.0 mg/1) depended on the enzyme system considered, and none of the several isozymes induced could be used as markers of the effect of kinetin on shoot formation from callus tissues. A small proportion (10.6%) of regenerated C. peruvianus plants presented all 23 isozymes, indicating a transient expression of some of the induced isozymes.

Keywords: isozymes; callus tissues; Cereus peruvianus.

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