Full text in pdf format

Cytogenetic analysis of a natural population of Anopheles cruzii

C.C.L. Ramirez; E.M.B. Dessen

Departamento de Biologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Matão 277, 05508-900 São Paulo, SP, Brasil. Send correspondence to E.M.B.D.

ABSTRACT

Cytogenetic studies were performed on a natural population of Anopheles cruzii from Aldeia dos Indios, State of São Paulo, Brazil. This species presents a karyotype of 2n=6 with a heteromorphic sexual chromosome pair in males. A photographic map of polytene chromosomes from ovarian nurse cells was made. Lack of pairing between the homologous chromosomes, varying from a few bands up to almost the whole chromosome, was very frequent. The nucleolus organizing region was located at the tip of the X chromosome and it became gradually less active with an increase of polyteny in the nurse cells. A puffing asynchrony between homologous chromosomes was observed in section 31 of chromosome C. Visible cytological polymorphism was demonstrated in the form of eight heterozygous bands of the polytene chromosomes.

Keywords: cytogenetic analysis; natural population; Anopheles cruzii.

REFERENCES

Aragão, M.B. (1964). Distribuição geográfica e abundância nas espécies de Anopheles (Kerteszia) (Diptera) (Culicidae). Rev. Bras. Malarial. D. Trop. 16: 73-109.

Asman, S.M. (1974). Cytogenetic observation in Coles tarsalis: mitosis and meiosis. J. Med. Ent. 11: 375-382.

Baimai, V. (1975). Heterochromatin and multiple inversions in a Drosophila chromosome. Can. J. Genet. Cytol. 17: 15-20.

Bridges, C.B. (1938). A revised map of the salivary gland X-chromosomes of Drosophila nielanogaster. J. Hered. 29: 11-13.

Chandry, S. (1986). Sex chromosome in mosquitoes. I. NOR associated gene activation and asynapsis in the salivary X chromosome of Anopheles subpictus (Culicidae-Diptera). Caryologia 39: 211-215.

Christophers, S.R. (1911). The development of the egg folicle in anophelines. Paludism 2: 73.

Coluzzi, M. (1968). Cromosomi politenici delle cellule nutrici ovariche nel complesso gambiae del genere Anopheles. Parassitologia 10: 179-185.

Coluzzi, M. and Sabatini, A. (1967). Cytogenetics observations on species A and B of the Anopheles gambiae complex. Parassitologia 9: 73-88.

Coluzzi, M., Cancrini, G. and Di Deco, M. (1970). The polytene chromosomes of Anopheles superspictus and relationship with Anopheles stephensi. Parassitologia 12: 101-112.

Coluzzi, M., Di Deco, M. and Cancrini, G. (1973). Chromosomal inversions in Anopheles stephensi. Parassitologia 15: 129-136.

Corrêa, R.R., Forattini, O.P., Guarita, O.F. and Rabello, E.X. (1961). Observações sobre o vôo do Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii e do A. (K). bellator, vetores de malária (Díptera, Culicidae). Arq. Hig. Sau. Pub. 26: 333-342.

Deane, L.M., Deane, Ferreira Neto, J.A. and Silveria, I.P.S. (1970). Anopheles (Kerteszia) cruzii, a natural vector of the monkey malaria parasites Plasmodium simium and Plasmodium brasilianum. Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. 64: 647.

Deane, L.M., Almeida, F.B., Deane, M.P. and Ferreira Neto, J.A. (1971). On the transmission of Simian malaria in Brazil. Rev. Inst. Mec. Trap. 13: 311-319.

Evgenev, M.B. (1971). The pattern of polytene conjugation and crossing-over in interspecific hybrids of Drosophila. Ther. Appl. Gen. 41: 249-254.

Ferreira, E.M. (1964). Distribuição geográfica dos anofelinos no Brasil e sua relação com o estado atual da erradicação da malária. Rev. Bras. Malar. D. Trop. 16: 329-348.

Forattini, D.P., Corrêa, R.R., Guarita, O.F. and Rabello, E.X. (1961). Algumas observações sobre a densidade de anofelinos Kerteszia no Estado de São Paulo. Arq. Hig. Sou. Pub. 26: 249-256.

Green, C.A. and Hunt, R.H. (1980). Interpretation of variation in ovarian polytene chromosomes of Anopheles funestus Giles, An. parensis and An. aruni. Genetica 51: 187-195.

Hartberg, W.K. and Faircloth, W.H. (1983). Mitotic chromosomes of the Mosquito. Mosq. Syst. 15: 325-329.

Hartberg, W.K., Culp, R., Kerr, M., Morgan, J. and Odom, C. (1985). Mitotic chromosomes of Mosquito. Mosq. Syst. 17: 44-48.

Hunter, R.D. and Hartberg, W.K. (1986). Observations on the mitotic chromosomes of the mosquito Toxorhynchites amboinenses. Mosq. Syst. 18: 119-124.

Kaiser, P.E. and Seawright, J.A. (1987). The ovarian nurse cell polytene chromosomes of Anopheles quadrimaculatus, specie A. Mosq. Control Associ. 3: 222-230.

Kitzmiller, J.B. (1967). Mosquito Cytogenetics. In: Genetics of Insect Vector of Disease (Wright, J.W. and Pal, R., eds.). Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 133-150.

Kitzmiller, J.B. (1976). Cytogenetics and evolution of mosquitos. Adv. Genet. 18: 315-433.

Kitzmiller, J.B., Kreutzer, R.D. and Tallaferro, E. (1973). Chromosomal differences in populations of Anopheles nuneztovari. Bull. Wld Hlth. Org. 48: 435-455,

Kreutzer, R.D. (1970). Activity at the nucleolar organizer locus in nurse cells of Anopheles atroparvus. Amer. Zool. 10: 529.

Lambert, D.M. (1983). A population genetical study of the African mosquito Anopheles marshalli (Theobald). Evolution 37: 484-495.

Metz, C. (1937). Small deficiences and the problem of genetics units in the giant chromosomes. Genetics 22: 543-546.

Perondini, A.L.P. and Otto, P.A. (1991). Evidence for selective differences in single-band polytene chromosome polymorphism in Sciara ocellaris. J. Hered. 82: 275-281.

Perondini, A.K.P., Otto, P.A., Rogatto, A. and Templeton, A.R. (1983). Evidence for assortive mating systems related to the polytene chromosome-band polymorphism in Sciara ocellaris. J. Hered. 74: 283-288.

Puri, I.M. (1957). A practical entomological course for students of malariology. Health Bull. 18: Government of India Press, Delhi.

Rachou, R.G. (1958). Aofelinos do Brasil: comportamento das espécies vetoras de malaria. Rev. Bras. Malar. 10: 145-181.

Ramirez, C.C.L. and Dessen, E.M.B. (1993). Inversion polymorphism in a natural population of An. cruzii. Submitted.

Suguna, S.G., Tewari, S.C., Mani, T.R., Hiriyan, J. and Reuben, R. (1989). A cytogenetic description of a new species of the Anopheles culicifacies complex. Genetica 78: 225-230.

Tadei, W.P., Santos, J.M.M. and Rabbani, M.G. (1982). Biologia de anofelinos amazônicos. V. Polimorfismo cromossômico de Anopheles darlingi Root (Diptera, Culicidae). Acta Amazônica 12: 353-369.

Veloso, M.P., Klein, M. and Moura, J.V. (1956). Delimitação ecológica dos anofelinos do subgenero Kerteszia na região costeira do Brasil. Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 54: 517-548.

White, G.B., Coluzzi, M. and Zahar, A.R. (1974). Review of Cytogenetics studies on anopheline vectors of malaria. WHO/Mal.75.849: WHO/VBC/75.538.

Yoon, J.S., Richardson, R.H. and Wheelen, M.R. (1973). A technique for improving salivary chromosome preparations. Experientia 29: 639-641.