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Tomato breeding: 1. embryo rescue of interspecific hybrids between Lycopersicon esculentum mill. and L peruvianum (L.) mill.

M.I. Segeren^I; M.R. Sondahl^II; W.J. Siqueira^I; H.P. Medina Filho^I; H. Nagai^I; A.L. Lourenção^I

^ISeção de Genétlca, Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, Caixa Postal 28, 13020-902 Campinas, SP, Brasil. Send correspondence to W.J.S.
^IIDNA Plant Technology Corporation, 2611 Branch Pike, Cinnaminson, NJ, 08077 USA

ABSTRACT

Some introductions of Lycopersicon peruvianum represent promising sources of resistance to tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) however, a high level of incompatibility has been found between these introductions and L. esculentam which limits their utilization in tomato breeding programs. Culturing of lmmature hybrid embryos with subsequent shoot formation from calli developed from embryogenic cells, permitted the recovery of F₁ interspecific hybrids. Histological analysis of hybrid embryo development demonstrated that at 25 days after pollination nearly all embryos had aborted. Therefore, immature embryos 15-25 days old were used for in vitro culture. Attempts were made to obtain hybrid tomato plants through embryo rescue in interspecific crossings. Culture media with variable concentrations of auxins and cytokinins and with the addition of complex additives were tested. The best treatment was the addition of 10 mM 6-BA and 2.5mM IAA, which gave rise to callus formation in about 20% of the immature embryos. Four callus lines were isolated which gave normal shoot formation. Rooted plantlets were gradually adapted to greenhouse conditions and a total of 128 hybrid plants were transplanted to a field nursery. The hybrid nature of the regenerated plants was demonstrated by morphological characters, inchiding leaf and fruit color and shape, exerted stigma and hairiness. Isozyme analysis for acid phosphatase and phosphoglucoisomerase confirmed the hybrid nature of F₁ plants.

Keywords: Tomato; Hybrids; Lycopersicon esculentun; L. peruvianum.

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