Full text in pdf format

Somatic embryoid induction from Brazilian soybean cultivars

Maria Helena Bodanese-Zanettini^I; Maria da Graça da Silva Ortolan^I; Ching-yeh Hue^II

^IDepartamento de Genética, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Caixa Postal 15053, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil. Send correspondence to M.H.B.-Z.
^IICenter for Applied Science, William Paterson College, Wayne, N.J., U.S.A.

ABSTRACT

Somatic embryoids were regenerated and converted to plantlets from the immature zygotic cotyledons of Brazilian soybean cultivara IAS-5 and COBB. Young soybean pods with seeds 4 to 6 nun in length were used. Fifty to 150 pairs of cotyledon explants were cultured per cultivar per experiment. The culture procedure was divided into induction, maturation and conversion stages. The induction medium contained Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with 30 mg/1 2,4-D, 3% sucrose, and 0.6% agar. MS medium with 10% sucrose, 0.5% activated charcoal, and 0.8% agar was used at the maturation stage. The conversion medium contained Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) medium with 1% sucrose and 0.6% agar. An average of 2.4 embryoids was obtained from each cotyledon explant pair, of which 59.5% reached maturity with 58.7% mature embryoids converted into plantlets from cv. IAS-5. The same values for cv. COBB were 2.6, 31.4, and 90.9%, respectively. This resulted in 0.9 and 0.75 converted plantlets from each pair of cotyledon explants for cv. IAS-5 and COBB, respectively.

Keywords: Somatic; Induction; Soybean.

REFERENCES

Buchheim, J.A., Colburn, S.M. and Ranch, J.P. (1989). Maturation of soybean somatic embryos and the transition to plantlet growth. Plant Physiol. 89: 768-775.

Ferreira, A.G., Hu, C.Y. and Santarem, E.R. (1990). Somatic embryogenesis of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), Brazilian cultivars Ivora and IAS-5. Phyton 51: 139-144.

Finer, J.J. (1988). Apical proliferation of embryogenic tissue of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill). Pl. Cell Rep. 7: 238-241.

Finer, J.J. and McMullen, M.D. (1991). Transformation of soybean via particle bombardment of embryogenic suspension culture tissue. In Vitro Cell. Dey. Biol. 27: 175-182.

Finer, J.J. and Nagasawa, A. (1988). Development of an embryogeric suspension culture of soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill.). Pl. Cell, Tissue and Organ Cult. 15: 125-136.

Lazzeri, P.A., Hildebrandt, D.F. and Collins, G.B. (1985). A procedure for plant regeneration from immature cotyledon tissue of soybean. Pl. Mol. Biol. Rep. 3: 160-167.

Lippmann, 13. and Lippmann, G. (1984). Induction of somatic embryos in cotyledonary tissue of soybean Glycine max L. Merr. Pl. Cell Rep. 3: 215-218.

Murashige, T. and Skoog, F. (1962). A revised medium for rapid growth and bioassays with tobacco tissu cultures. Physiol. Plant 15: 473-497.

Ranch, J.P., Ogelsby, L. and Zielinski, A.C. (1985). Plant regeneration from embryo-derived tissue cultures o soybean. In Vitro Cellular & Dey. Bio 21: 653-658.

Ranch, J.P., Ogelsby, L. and Zielinski, A.C. (1986). Plant regeneration from tissue cultures of soybean b2 somatic embryogenesis. Cell Cult. Somat. Cell Genet. Pl. 3: 97-110.

Schenk, R.U. and Hildebrandt, A.C. (1972). Medium and techniques for induction and growth o monocotyledonous and dicotyledonous plant cell cultures. Can. J. Bot. 50: 199-204.