Full text in pdf format

Choice of parents for dry bean (Phaseolus vulgarisL.) breeding. I. Interaction of mean components by generation and by location

Magno A.P. Ramalho^I; João B. dos Santos^I; Israel Pereira Filho^II

^IDepartamento de Biologia, Escola Superior de Agricultura de Lavras, Caixa Postal 37, 37200 Lavras, MG, Brasil. Send correspondence to M.A.P.R.
^IIEMBRAPA, Fazenda Sertãorinli , Caixa Postal 135, 38700 Patos de Minas, MG, Brasil

ABSTRACT

Four dry bean cultivars (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) adapted to the southern region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, were crossed with five exotic cultivars according to a partial diallel design. The nine parents and twenty hybrid populations were tested in six experiments in fully randomized blocks. In one of the experiments, the segregating populations were in the F₂ generation, in three of them they were in the F₃ generation, and in the other two in the E₄ generation. Trials were held at two locations in the state of Minas Gerais and at one location in the state of Goiás in 1986. All twenty nine genetic materials showed heterogeneity concerning grain yield in all trials, with cultivars having a greater effect (additive gene effect) than heterosis (dominance effect), especially in the more advanced generations. No interactions between cultivar xgeneration effects and cultivar heterosis x generation effects were observed at any location. However, cultivar and cultivar heterosis x location interactions were significant, suggesting that the choice of segregating populations for genetic improvement of common beans should be based on the performance of the populations at the locations where they will be used, but disregarding generation. In this way, because of larger quantities of seed, the material can be evaluated in the F₄ generation. Despite components of means x location interactions, the population FSAL 501 x A 354 was the most promising for selection based on grain yield because of the general combining ability of its parents and of grain quality.

Keywords: dry bean; Phaseolus vulgaris; breeding; generation; location.

REFERENCES

Briggs, K.F. and Shebeski, L.H. (1970). Visual selection for yielding ability of F₃ lines in a hard red spring wheat breeding program. Crop Sci. 10: 400-402.

Empig, L.T. and Fehr, W.R. (1971). Evaluation of methods for generation advance in bulk hybrid populations. Crop. Sci. 11: 51-54.

Gardner, C.O. and Eberhart, S.A. (1966). Analysis and interpretation of the variety cross diallel and related populations. Biometrics 22: 439-452.

Gregan, P.B. and Busch, R.H. (1977). Early generation bulk hybrid yield testing of adapted hard red spring wheat crosses. Crop. Sci. 17: 887-891.

Hamblin, J. and Evans, A.M. (1976). The estimation of cross yield using early generation and parental yield in dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Euphytica 25: 515-520.

Knott, D.R. (1972). Effect of selection for F₂ plant yield on subsequent generations in wheat. Can. J. Plant Sci. 53: 721-726.

Miranda Filho, J.B. and Geraldi, I.O. (1984). An adapted model for the analysis of partial diallel crosses. Rev. Brasil. Genet. VIII: 677-688.

Oliveira, A.C. de, Morais, A.R. de, Souza Junior, C.L. de and Gama, E.E.G. (1987). Análise de cruzamentos dialélicos parciais repetidos em vários ambientes. Rev. Brasil. Genet. X: 517-533.

Quinones, F.A. (1969). Relationships between parents and selections in crosses of dry beans. Crop Sci. 9: 673-675.

Rosielle, A.A. (1983). The effect of variation of genetic variance and correlation between mean and variance on efficiency of bulk yield testing. Euphytica 32:49-56.

Santos, J.B. dos, Vencovsky, R. and Ramalho, M.A.P. (1985). Controle genético da produção de grãos e de seus componentes primários em feijoeiro.Pesq. Agropec. Bras. 20: 1203-1211.

Santos, J.B. dos, Cecilia, F.C.S. and Ramalho, M.A.P. (1979). Comportamento de algumas cultiva- res de feijão (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) na região sudoeste de Minas Gerais, período 1974-1977. Ciência e Prdtica 3:23-28.

Vieira, C. (1970). Melhoramento do feijoeiro (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) no Estado de Minas Gerais. III. Estudos realizados no período de 1965 a 1969. Experientia 10:93-122.

Whitehouse, R.N.H., Thompson, J.B. and Valle Ribeiro, M.A.M. (1958). Studies on the breeding of self-pollinating cereals. 2. The use of diallel cross analysis in yield prediction. Euphytica 7: 147-169.